Pattern Matching and Destructuring

In Rust, "pattern matching" is a robust tool that allows you to destructure data types and perform conditional checks in a succinct and clear way. The main structures used for pattern matching are match and if let. The match keyword can be used to compare a value against a series of patterns and then execute code based on which pattern matches. Patterns can be made up of literal values, variable names, wildcards, and many other things. The if let structure allows you to combine if and let into a less verbose way of handling values that match one specific pattern, rather than a series of patterns. It's basically a nice syntax sugar over a match statement.